How can they tell the temperature of planets in other solar systems? And other questions.?
So, they find this new “earth-like” planet that is half water, but can’t sustain life because of temperatures of 248 degrees Farenheit.
They say this planet’s sun in smaller than ours and the water is in crystalline form.
How do they determine temp? I know that is is more than just distance from it’s sun because certain atmospheres can retain heat. How can this planet be considered 50% water when H2O would evaporate at those temps. Would the water be enclosed in the center of the planet? And what is water in crystalline form anyways other than ice crystals? How would it be possible to have ice crystals on such a hot planet? I feel stupid and need some enlightenment. Thank you.
“I know that is is more than just distance from it’s sun because certain atmospheres can retain heat.”
that’s right, and they don’t know what the atmosphere is made of yet. the temperature estimate I read was 248–540 fahrenheit. when they say “water”, I think they just mean H2O, not that it’s all liquid necessarily.
“How would it be possible to have ice crystals on such a hot planet?”
pressure is important as well. if the pressure is high enough, you can form ice at almost any temperature. however, it’s a lot of pressure required. at the bottom of the ocean on earth the pressure is not high enough, but if you had an ocean hundreds of kilometers deep, that would be a different story. check out the phase diagram:
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/phys4230/phys4230_sp02/images/phase.gif
earth’s surface is at about 300 K and 10^5 Pa. water pressure at the bottom of the ocean is about 10^8 Pa, a bit short of the 10^9 Pa required to form Ice VII. this planet’s surface is about 400 – 550 K, so the pressure required to form liquid and then ice will be a bit higher than on earth, but there is also a lot more water.
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